INDEX |
LANDMARK |
LMABBREV |
USED_FOR |
LOCATION |
1 |
prosthion-Howells |
prosH |
BPL, NPH |
MS |
2 |
prosthion-Martin |
prosM |
UFHT |
MS |
3 |
subspinale |
ssp |
SSR, SSS |
MS |
4 |
alare L |
alarl |
NLB |
L |
5 |
most inferior nasal border L |
nlhil |
NLH |
L |
6 |
most inferior nasal border R |
nlhir |
NLH |
R |
7 |
alare R |
alarr |
NLB |
R |
8 |
zygoorbitale L |
zygool |
MOW, IML, XML |
L |
10 |
nasale inferius L |
nasil |
future |
L |
11 |
nasale inferius R |
nasir |
future |
R |
13 |
zygoorbitale R |
zygoor |
MOW |
R |
14 |
lower orbital border L/R |
obhi |
OBH |
L/R |
15 |
upper orbital border L/R |
obhs |
OBH |
L/R |
16 |
cheek height sup point L/R |
wmhs |
WMH |
L/R |
17 |
cheek height inf point L/R |
wmhi |
WMH |
L/R |
18 |
ectoconchion L |
ectl |
OBB, EKB |
L |
19 |
dacryon L |
dacl |
OBB, DKB |
L |
20 |
nasale superius L |
nassl |
NEW |
L |
21 |
nasomaxillary suture pinch L |
wnbl |
WNB Simotic chord |
L |
22 |
nasomaxillary suture pinch R |
wnbr |
WNB Simotic chord |
R |
23 |
nasale superius R |
nassr |
NEW |
R |
24 |
dacryon R |
dacr |
DKB |
R |
25 |
ectoconchion R |
ectr |
EKB |
R |
26 |
zygion R |
zygr |
ZYB |
R |
27 |
zygotemporale inferior R |
zytir |
IML,XML |
R |
28 |
zygotemporale superior R |
zytsr |
IML,XML |
R |
29 |
zygomaxilare R |
zygomr |
ZMB |
R |
30 |
zygomaxilare L |
zygoml |
ZMB, IML |
L |
31 |
zygotemporale superior L |
zytsl |
NEW |
L/R |
32 |
zygotemporale inferior L |
zytil |
IML, XML |
L/R |
33 |
zygion L |
zygl |
ZYB |
L |
34 |
jugale L |
jugl |
JUB |
L |
35 |
marginal process lateral L |
mpll |
future |
L |
36 |
frontomalare temporale L |
fmtl |
UFBR |
L |
37 |
frontomalare anterior L |
fmal |
FMB, NAS |
L |
38 |
frontotemporale L |
wfbl |
WFB |
L |
39 |
sphenofrontale L |
jnzl |
NEW (spheno-fronto-zygomatic) |
L |
40 |
Sphenion L |
sphl |
future |
L |
41 |
Krotaphion L |
krol |
future |
L |
42 |
Maximum frontal point L |
xfbl |
XFB |
L |
43 |
stephanion L |
stpl |
STB, STS |
L |
44 |
stephanion R |
stpr |
STB, STS |
R |
45 |
Maximum frontal point R |
xfbr |
XFB |
R |
46 |
krotaphion R |
kror |
future |
R |
47 |
sphenion R |
sphr |
future |
R |
48 |
sphenofrontale R |
jnzr |
NEW (spheno-fronto-zygomatic) |
R |
49 |
frontotemporale R |
wfbr |
WFB |
R |
50 |
frontomalare anterior R |
fmar |
FMB, NAS |
R |
51 |
frontomalare temporale R |
fmtr |
UFBR |
R |
52 |
marginal process lateral R |
mplr |
future |
R |
53 |
jugale R |
jugr |
JUB |
R |
54 |
nasion |
nas |
NOL, NLH, NAS, etc. |
MS |
55 |
glabella |
glb |
GOL |
MS |
56 |
supraglabellare |
spglb |
GLS |
MS |
57 |
bregma |
brg |
FRC, BBH, PAC, PAF, PAS, etc. |
MS |
58 |
lambda |
lam |
PAC, PAF, PAS |
MS |
59 |
asterion L |
astl |
ASB |
MS |
60 |
eurion L |
eurl |
XCB |
R |
61 |
radiometer point L |
radptl |
radii, in the middle of the EAM |
L |
62 |
porion L |
porl |
MDH |
L |
63 |
mastoideale L |
mastl |
MDH |
L |
64 |
radiculare L (zyg root) |
aubl |
AUB |
L |
65 |
radiculare R (zyg root) |
aubr |
AUB |
R |
66 |
radiometer point R |
radptr |
radii, in the middle of the EAM |
R |
67 |
porion R |
porr |
MDH |
R |
68 |
mastoideale R |
mastr |
MDH |
R |
69 |
eurion R |
eurr |
XCB |
MS |
70 |
asterion R |
astr |
ASB |
L |
71 |
opisthion |
ops |
FOL |
MS |
72 |
basion |
bas |
BBH,BNL, etc. between hypo- and endobasion. |
MS |
73 |
FOB point R |
fobr |
FOB |
R |
74 |
FOB point L |
fobl |
FOB |
L |
75 |
hormion |
hor |
|
MS |
76 |
alveolon (rubber band) |
alv |
MAL |
MS |
77 |
Staurion |
staur |
|
MS |
78 |
ectomolare L |
ecml |
MAB |
L |
79 |
M1 anterior point L |
avrpt |
AVR |
L |
80 |
ectomolare R |
ecmr |
MAB |
R |
81 |
pogonion (Mand Length ant point) |
malapt |
XRL, MAN |
MS |
82 |
gnathion |
gniipt |
GNI |
MS |
83 |
infradentale |
gnispt |
GNI |
MS |
84 |
HMF inf pt |
hmfipt |
HMF |
L |
85 |
HMF sup pt |
hmfspt |
HMF |
L |
86 |
TMF buccal pt |
tmfbpt |
TMF |
L |
87 |
TMF lingual pt |
tmflpt |
TMF |
L |
88 |
gonion L |
gonl |
GOG |
L |
89 |
L angle base |
manlipt |
MAN |
L |
90 |
coronion L |
coronl |
|
L |
91 |
condylion laterale L |
latcndl |
bicondylar breadth |
L |
92 |
sup condyle L |
supcndlS |
|
L |
93 |
L sup condyle post |
supcndlP |
CDL, MAN |
L |
94 |
condylion mediale L |
medcndl |
|
L |
95 |
condylion mediale R |
medcndr |
|
R |
96 |
sup condyle R |
supcndrS |
|
R |
97 |
R sup condyle post |
supcndrP |
CDL, MAN |
R |
98 |
condylion laterale R |
latcndr |
bicondylar breadth |
R |
99 |
coronion R |
coronr |
|
R |
100 |
R angle base |
manript |
MAN |
R |
101 |
gonion R |
gonr |
GOG |
R |
102 |
WRB posterior pt |
wrbppt |
WRB |
L/R |
103 |
WRB anterior pt |
wrbapt |
WRB |
L/R |
104 |
nasal bone elevation |
sispt |
SIS Simotic subtense, SIA |
MS |
105 |
deepest point on nasal bone profile |
ndspt |
NDS, NDA |
MS |
106 |
maximum malar projection point L/R |
mlspt |
MLS |
L/R |
107 |
metopion |
met |
FRF, FRS |
MS |
108 |
parietal subtense point |
paspt |
PAF, PAS |
MS |
109 |
vertex radius pt |
vrrpt |
VRR |
MS |
110 |
opisthocranion (GOL) |
opg |
GOL |
MS |
111 |
occiptal subtense point |
ocspt |
OCF, OCS |
MS |
INDEX |
LANDMARK |
LMABBREV |
USED_FOR |
LOCATION |
1 |
prosthion-Howells |
prosH |
BPL, NPH |
MS |
2 |
prosthion-Martin |
prosM |
UFHT |
MS |
3 |
subspinale |
ssp |
SSR, SSS |
MS |
4 |
alare L |
alarl |
NLB |
L |
5 |
most inferior nasal border L |
nlhil |
NLH |
L |
6 |
most inferior nasal border R |
nlhir |
NLH |
R |
7 |
alare R |
alarr |
NLB |
R |
8 |
zygoorbitale L |
zygool |
MOW, IML, XML |
L |
9 |
nasale inferius L |
nasil |
|
L |
10 |
nasale inferius R |
nasir |
|
R |
11 |
zygoorbitale R |
zygoor |
MOW |
R |
12 |
lower orbital border L/R |
obhi |
orbital height (inferior point) |
L/R |
13 |
upper orbital border L/R |
obhs |
orbital height (superior point) |
L/R |
14 |
cheek height sup point L/R |
wmhs |
WMH |
L/R |
15 |
cheek height inf point L/R |
wmhi |
WMH |
L/R |
16 |
ectoconchion L |
ectl |
OBB, EKB |
L |
17 |
dacryon L |
dacl |
OBB, DKB |
L |
18 |
nasale superius L |
nassl |
|
L |
19 |
nasomaxillary suture pinch L |
wnbl |
WNB Simotic chord |
L |
20 |
nasomaxillary suture pinch R |
wnbr |
WNB Simotic chord |
R |
21 |
nasale superius R |
nassr |
|
R |
22 |
dacryon R |
dacr |
DKB |
R |
23 |
ectoconchion R |
ectr |
EKB |
R |
24 |
zygion R |
zygr |
ZYB |
R |
25 |
zygotemporale inferior R |
zytir |
IML,XML |
R |
26 |
zygotemporale superior R |
zytsr |
IML,XML |
R |
27 |
zygomaxilare R |
zygomr |
ZMB |
R |
28 |
zygomaxilare L |
zygoml |
ZMB, IML |
L |
29 |
zygotemporale superior L |
zytsl |
NEW |
L/R |
30 |
zygotemporale inferior L |
zytil |
IML, XML |
L/R |
31 |
zygion L |
zygl |
ZYB |
L |
32 |
jugale L |
jugl |
JUB |
L |
33 |
marginal process lateral L |
mpll |
|
L |
34 |
frontomalare temporale L |
fmtl |
UFBR |
L |
35 |
frontomalare anterior L |
fmal |
FMB, NAS |
L |
36 |
frontotemporale L |
wfbl |
WFB |
L |
37 |
Sphenion L |
sphl |
|
L |
38 |
Krotaphion L |
krol |
|
L |
39 |
Maximum frontal point L |
xfbl |
XFB |
L |
40 |
stephanion L |
stpl |
STB, STS |
L |
41 |
stephanion R |
stpr |
STB, STS |
R |
42 |
Maximum frontal point R |
xfbr |
XFB |
R |
43 |
krotaphion R |
kror |
|
R |
44 |
sphenion R |
sphr |
|
R |
45 |
frontotemporale R |
wfbr |
WFB |
R |
46 |
frontomalare anterior R |
fmar |
FMB, NAS |
R |
47 |
frontomalare temporale R |
fmtr |
UFBR |
R |
48 |
marginal process lateral R |
mplr |
|
R |
49 |
jugale R |
jugr |
JUB |
R |
50 |
nasion |
nas |
NOL, NLH, NAS, etc. |
MS |
51 |
glabella |
glb |
GOL |
MS |
52 |
supraglabellare |
spglb |
GLS |
MS |
53 |
bregma |
brg |
FRC, BBH, PAC, PAF, PAS, etc. |
MS |
54 |
lambda |
lam |
PAC, PAF, PAS |
MS |
55 |
asterion L |
astl |
ASB |
MS |
56 |
eurion L |
eurl |
XCB |
R |
57 |
radiometer point L |
radptl |
radii, in the middle of the EAM |
L |
58 |
porion L |
porl |
MDH |
L |
59 |
mastoideale L |
mastl |
MDH |
L |
60 |
radiculare L (zyg root) |
aubl |
AUB |
L |
61 |
radiculare R (zyg root) |
aubr |
AUB |
R |
62 |
radiometer point R |
radptr |
radii, in the middle of the EAM |
R |
63 |
porion R |
porr |
MDH |
R |
64 |
mastoideale R |
mastr |
MDH |
R |
65 |
eurion R |
eurr |
XCB |
MS |
66 |
asterion R |
astr |
ASB |
L |
67 |
opisthion |
ops |
FOL |
MS |
68 |
basion |
bas |
BBH,BNL, etc. between hypo- and endobasion. |
MS |
69 |
FOB point R |
fobr |
FOB |
R |
70 |
FOB point L |
fobl |
FOB |
L |
71 |
hormion |
hor |
|
MS |
72 |
alveolon (rubber band) |
alv |
MAL |
MS |
73 |
Staurion |
staur |
|
MS |
74 |
ectomolare L |
ecml |
MAB |
L |
75 |
M1 anterior point L |
avrpt |
AVR |
L |
76 |
ectomolare R |
ecmr |
MAB |
R |
77 |
pogonion (Mand Length ant point) |
malapt |
XRL, MAN |
MS |
78 |
gnathion |
gniipt |
GNI |
MS |
79 |
infradentale |
gnispt |
GNI |
MS |
80 |
HMF inf pt |
hmfipt |
HMF |
L |
81 |
HMF sup pt |
hmfspt |
HMF |
L |
82 |
TMF buccal pt |
tmfbpt |
TMF |
L |
83 |
TMF lingual pt |
tmflpt |
TMF |
L |
84 |
gonion L |
gonl |
GOG |
L |
85 |
L angle base |
manlipt |
MAN |
L |
86 |
coronion L |
coronl |
|
L |
87 |
Inferior mandibular notch point |
imnptl |
Lowest point between cornonion and condyle |
L |
88 |
condylion laterale L |
latcndl |
bicondylar breadth |
L |
89 |
sup condyle L |
supcndlS |
|
L |
90 |
L sup condyle post |
supcndlP |
CDL, MAN |
L |
91 |
condylion mediale L |
medcndl |
|
L |
92 |
condylion mediale R |
medcndr |
|
R |
93 |
sup condyle R |
supcndrS |
|
R |
94 |
R sup condyle post |
supcndrP |
CDL, MAN |
R |
95 |
condylion laterale R |
latcndr |
bicondylar breadth |
R |
96 |
Inferior mandibular notch point |
imnptr |
Lowest point between condyle and coronion |
R |
97 |
coronion R |
coronr |
|
R |
98 |
R angle base |
manript |
MAN |
R |
99 |
gonion R |
gonr |
GOG |
R |
100 |
WRB posterior pt |
wrbppt |
WRB |
L/R |
101 |
WRB anterior pt |
wrbapt |
WRB |
L/R |
102 |
nasal bone elevation |
sispt |
SIS Simotic subtense, SIA |
MS |
103 |
deepest point on nasal bone profile |
ndspt |
NDS, NDA |
MS |
104 |
maximum malar projection point L/R |
mlspt |
MLS |
L/R |
105 |
metopion |
met |
FRF, FRS |
MS |
106 |
parietal subtense point |
paspt |
PAF, PAS |
MS |
107 |
vertex radius pt |
vrrpt |
VRR |
MS |
108 |
opisthocranion (GOL) |
opg |
GOL |
MS |
109 |
occiptal subtense point |
ocspt |
OCF, OCS |
MS |
INDEX |
LANDMARK |
LMABBREV |
USED_FOR |
LOCATION |
1 |
Prosthion-Howells |
prosH |
BPL, NPH, most anterior pt |
MS |
2 |
Prosthion-Martin |
prosM |
UFHT, most inferior pt |
MS |
3 |
Subspinale |
ssp |
SSR, SSS |
MS |
4 |
Alare L |
alarl |
NLB |
L |
5 |
Most inferior nasal border L |
nlhil |
NLH |
L |
6 |
Most inferior nasal border R |
nlhir |
NLH |
R |
7 |
Alare R |
alarr |
NLB |
R |
8 |
Zygoorbitale L |
zygool |
IML, MOW, XML |
L |
9 |
Nasale inferius L |
nasil |
|
L |
10 |
Nasale inferius R |
nasir |
|
R |
11 |
Zygoorbitale R |
zygoor |
MOW |
R |
12 |
Orbit height inferior pt |
obhi |
OBH |
L/R |
13 |
Orbit height superior pt |
obhs |
OBH |
L/R |
14 |
Cheek height superior pt |
wmhs |
WMH |
L/R |
15 |
Cheek height inferior pt |
wmhi |
WMH |
L/R |
16 |
Ectoconchion L |
ectl |
EKB, OBB |
L |
17 |
Dacryon L |
dacl |
DKB, OBB |
L |
18 |
Nasale superius L |
nassl |
|
L |
19 |
Nasomaxillary suture pinch L |
wnbl |
WNB, most medial pt |
L |
20 |
Nasomaxillary suture pinch R |
wnbr |
WNB, most medial pt |
R |
21 |
Nasale superius R |
nassr |
|
R |
22 |
Dacryon R |
dacr |
DKB |
R |
23 |
Ectoconchion R |
ectr |
EKB |
R |
24 |
Zygion R |
zygr |
ZYB |
R |
25 |
Zygotemporale inferior R |
zytir |
|
R |
26 |
Zygotemporale superior R |
zytsr |
|
R |
27 |
Zygomaxilare R |
zygomr |
ZMB |
R |
28 |
Zygomaxilare L |
zygoml |
ZMB, IML |
L |
29 |
Zygotemporale superior L |
zytsl |
|
L/R |
30 |
Zygotemporale inferior L |
zytil |
IML, XML |
L/R |
31 |
Zygion L |
zygl |
ZYB |
L |
32 |
Jugale L |
jugl |
JUB |
L |
33 |
Marginal process Lateral L |
mpll |
|
L |
34 |
Frontomalare temporale L |
fmtl |
UFBR |
L |
35 |
Frontomalare anterior L |
fmal |
FMB, NAS |
L |
36 |
Frontotemporale L |
wfbl |
WFB |
L |
37 |
Sphenofrontale L |
jnzl |
Spheno-fronto-zygomatic |
L |
38 |
Sphenion L |
sphl |
|
L |
39 |
Krotaphion L |
krol |
|
L |
40 |
Maximum frontal pt L |
xfbl |
XFB |
L |
41 |
Stephanion L |
stpl |
STB, STS |
L |
42 |
Stephanion R |
stpr |
STB, STS |
R |
43 |
Maximum frontal pt R |
xfbr |
XFB |
R |
44 |
Krotaphion R |
kror |
|
R |
45 |
Sphenion R |
sphr |
|
R |
46 |
Sphenofrontale R |
jnzr |
Spheno-fronto-zygomatic |
R |
47 |
Frontotemporale R |
wfbr |
WFB |
R |
48 |
Frontomalare anterior R |
fmar |
FMB, NAS |
R |
49 |
Frontomalare temporale R |
fmtr |
UFBR |
R |
50 |
Marginal process Lateral R |
mplr |
|
R |
51 |
Jugale R |
jugr |
JUB |
R |
52 |
Nasion |
nas |
BNL, FRC, GLS, NOL, NLH |
MS |
53 |
Glabella |
glb |
GLS, GOL |
MS |
54 |
Supraglabellare |
spglb |
GLS |
MS |
55 |
Bregma |
brg |
BBH, FRC, PAC |
MS |
56 |
Lambda |
lam |
OCC, PAC |
MS |
57 |
Asterion L |
astl |
ASB |
MS |
58 |
Eurion L |
eurl |
XCB |
R |
59 |
Radiometer pt L |
radptl |
Radii, in middle of EAM |
L |
60 |
Porion L |
porl |
MDH |
L |
61 |
Mastoideale L |
mastl |
MDH |
L |
62 |
Radiculare L |
aubl |
AUB, most medial zygomatic root |
L |
63 |
Radiculare R |
aubr |
AUB, most medial zygomatic root |
R |
64 |
Radiometer pt R |
radptr |
Radii, in middle of EAM |
R |
65 |
Porion R |
porr |
MDH |
R |
66 |
Mastoideale R |
mastr |
|
R |
67 |
Eurion R |
eurr |
XCB |
MS |
68 |
Asterion R |
astr |
ASB |
L |
69 |
Opisthion |
ops |
FOL |
MS |
70 |
Basion |
bas |
BBH, BNL, BPL, opposite nasion |
MS |
71 |
Fob pt R |
fobr |
FOB |
R |
72 |
Fob pt L |
fobl |
FOB |
L |
73 |
Hormion |
hor |
|
MS |
74 |
Alveolon |
alv |
MAL, on rubber band |
MS |
75 |
Staurion |
staur |
|
MS |
76 |
Ectomolare L |
ecml |
MAB |
L |
77 |
M1 anterior pt L |
avrpt |
AVR |
L |
78 |
Ectomolare R |
ecmr |
MAB |
R |
79 |
Pogonion |
malapt |
XRL, MAN, most anterior pt |
MS |
80 |
Gnathion |
gniipt |
GNI |
MS |
81 |
Infradentale |
gnispt |
GNI |
MS |
82 |
HMF inferior pt |
hmfipt |
HMF |
L |
83 |
HMF superior pt |
hmfspt |
HMF |
L |
84 |
TMF buccal pt |
tmfbpt |
TMF |
L |
85 |
TMF lingual pt |
tmflpt |
TMF |
L |
86 |
Gonion L |
gonl |
GOG |
L |
87 |
Mandibular angle base L |
manlipt |
MAN |
L |
88 |
Coronion L |
coronl |
|
L |
89 |
Inferior mandibular notch pt L |
imnptl |
|
L |
90 |
Condylion laterale L |
latcndl |
CDL |
L |
91 |
Superior condyle L |
supcndlS |
|
L |
92 |
Posterior superior condyle L |
supcndlP |
XRH, MAN, projected |
L |
93 |
Condylion mediale L |
medcndl |
|
L |
94 |
Condylion mediale R |
medcndr |
|
R |
95 |
Superior condyle R |
supcndrS |
|
R |
96 |
Posterior Superior condyle R |
supcndrP |
XRH, MAN, projected |
R |
97 |
Condylion laterale R |
latcndr |
CDL |
R |
98 |
Inferior mandibular notch pt R |
imnptr |
|
R |
99 |
Coronion R |
coronr |
|
R |
100 |
Mandibular angle base R |
manript |
MAN |
R |
101 |
Gonion R |
gonr |
GOG |
R |
102 |
WRB posterior pt |
wrbppt |
WRB |
L/R |
103 |
WRB anterior pt |
wrbapt |
WRB |
L/R |
104 |
Nasal bone elevation |
sispt |
SIA, SIS (calculated) |
MS |
105 |
Deepest pt on nasal bone profile |
ndspt |
NDS, NDA (calculated) |
MS |
106 |
Maximum malar projection pt |
mlspt |
MLS (calculated) |
L/R |
107 |
Metopion |
met |
FRF, FRS (calculated) |
MS |
108 |
Parietal subtense pt |
paspt |
PAF, PAS (calculated) |
MS |
109 |
Vertex Radius pt |
vrrpt |
VRR (calculated) |
MS |
110 |
Opisthocranion |
opg |
GOL (calculated) |
MS |
111 |
Occiptal subtense pt |
ocspt |
OCF, OCS (calculated) |
MS |